![]() ![]() The orbiters were: Atlantis, Challenger, Columbia, Discovery, Endeavour and Enterprise (prototype vehicle). NASA named Space Shuttles for famous exploration sailing ships. The Space Shuttle Columbia Disaster happened on 1st February, 2003. Columbia broke up during reentry in February 2003. Solid Rocket Boosters (SRBs) provided 71.4% of lift-off thrust.Įxternal Fuel Tank (ET) carried fuel: Liquid Hydrogen and Liquid Oxygen for the Space Shuttle Main Engines (SSME).Įndeavour was built to replace Challenger when it was lost in January 1986. The 2 SRB’s were attached to the external tank! The SRM’s were manufactured by Thiokol in Birmingham City, Utah. The solid rocket motor (SRM) were the first solid rocket motor designed for re-use and were the largest to be flown on manned missions. There ws no shower on the orbiter, so astronauts used sponge baths until they returned to Earth. Astronauts brushed their teeth just like they do on Earth. Endeavour (1991) – replaced Challenger.Įnterprise was used for atmospheric test flights but not intended for orbital flight.Įach Space Shuttle had a toilet that can be used by both men and women. This puts the Space Shuttle into a stable orbit. The Space Shuttle orbiter could travel to Earth Orbit from 185 km to 643 kms (115 to 400 miles) at Velocity: 27,875 kph (17,321 mph).ĥ. Orbit: To prevent the Orbiter from falling back into the atmosphere, the small Space Shuttle Orbital Maneuvering System (OMS) rockets are fired. The tank would fall back towards the Earth breaking up in the atmosphere over the ocean. T-Plus 8 Minutes 40 Seconds: External Tank Separation would separate at approx 8.5 minutes after launch at altitude: 109.26 km (59 miles) at velocity 28,067 kph (17,440 mph). Explosive bolts would break the connections between the tank and orbiter. Burning the fuel tank dry would destroy the engines. ![]() T-Plus 8 Minutes 30 Seconds: Engine Shutdown: Just before the fuel in the external tank runs out, commands are sent to the main engines to shut them down. T-plus 126 Seconds: The two Solid Rocket Motors (SRBs) would separate two minutes after launch after their fuel is depleted. The boosters parachute into the ocean for recovery and re-use. T-minus Zero: On lift-off the Solid Rocket Boosters and Space Shuttle Main Engines (SSME) generated a combined 7.3 millions pounds of thrust. NASA would start a countdown 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 we have lift off! Space Shuttle Orbiter of next mission etc. There were plans in the 1980’s to launch the space Shuttle from Vandenberg in California. The Space Shuttle was launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, USA. Note: Weight varied depending on payloads and on-board consumables. ![]() Weight End of Mission: 104,326 kgs (230,000 pounds) (Maximum Landing Weight) Weight at Lift-off: 2,041,166 kgs (4.5 million pounds) Maximum Cargo to Orbit: 28,803 Kgs (63,500 pounds) Space Shuttle Length: 56.14 m (184.2 feet) The lab more than doubled the Shuttle’s habitable volume. The European Space Agency’s modular Spacelab was carried in the Space Shuttle’s cargo bay on 25 missions. The payload was carried in the cargo bay. In is main role, the space shuttle delivered satellites into orbit releasing them from the cargo bay with the robotic arm. One of the most famous payloads is the Hubble Space Telescope. The Orbiter used 3 SSME Rocket Engines which used Liquid Hydrogen and Liquid Oxygen as propellants. Space Shuttle was used to construct and supply the International Space Station. It had flown more than 135 missions between 19. The US Space Shuttle was first launched in 1981.
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